2018 年 1 月 31 日 15:16 KVM虚拟机virsh管理常用命令 sa 发布于 2017-07-18
分类： 虚拟化技术
阅读(610)
评论(0)
有运维或运维开发方面的需求，可以联系博主QQ 452336092或Email:admin#centos.bz(收费) 文章目录 [ 隐藏 ] 管理kvm虚拟机 给虚拟机添加硬盘 改变虚拟机的参数 删除虚拟机 管理kvm虚拟机 常用的虚拟机管理命令 列出所有的虚拟机 1
virsh
list –all 显示虚拟机信息 1
virsh dominfo kvm-1 显示虚拟机内存和cpu的使用情况 1
yum install virt-top -y
2
virt-top 显示虚拟机分区信息 1
virt-df kvm-1 关闭虚拟机（shutodwn） 1
virsh shutdown kvm-1 启动虚拟机 1
virsh start kvm-1 设置虚拟机（kvm-1）跟随系统自启 1
virsh autostart kvm-1 关闭虚拟及自启 1
virsh autostart –disable kvm-1 删除虚拟机 1
virsh undefine kvm-1 通过控制窗口登录虚拟机 virsh console kvm-1 给虚拟机添加硬盘 添加硬盘（lvm卷）或者USB到虚拟机上 1
virsh attach-disk kvm-1 /dev/sdb vbd –driver qemu –mode shareable 使用完成之后可以卸载usb 1
virsh detach-disk kvm vdb 添加lvm卷，并挂载 [root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# lvcreate -n kvm-1-data -L 50G vg_shkvm1
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# virsh attach-disk kvm-1 /dev/vg_shkvm1/kvm-1-data vdb –driver qemu –mode shareable
Disk attached successfully
登录到kvm-1上查看lvm是否已经被挂载
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# virsh console kvm-1 # 输入kvm-1的用户和密码
[root@sh-kvm-1-1 ~]# fdisk -l # 查看硬盘挂载情况 Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 41610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00058197 Device Boot
Start
End
Blocks
Id
System
/dev/vda1
*
3
1018
512000
83
Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/vda2
1018
41611
20458496
8e
Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2285 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/vdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
新添加的硬盘
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 104025 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 格式化新添加的vdb，并添加到lvm组中
对新添加的硬盘分区
[root@sh-kvm-1-1 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xf04b6807.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won’t be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It’s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command ‘c’) and change display units to
sectors (command ‘u’). Command (m for help): m
查看帮助
Command action
a
toggle a bootable flag
b
edit bsd disklabel
c
toggle the dos compatibility flag
d
delete a partition
l
list known partition types
m
print this menu
n
add a new partition
o
create a new empty DOS partition table
p
print the partition table
q
quit without saving changes
s
create a new empty Sun disklabel
t
change a partition’s system id
u
change display/entry units
v
verify the partition table
w
write table to disk and exit
x
extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
#添加一个分区
Command action
e
extended
p
primary partition (1-4)
p
#选择添加一个扩展分区
Partition number (1-4):
Value out of range.
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-104025, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-104025, default 104025):
Using default value 104025 Command (m for help): t
#改变分区的格式
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
#改成lvm
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w
保存更改
root@sh-kvm-1-1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
格式化分区
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
3276800 inodes, 13107142 blocks
655357 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
400 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424 Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.
Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@sh-kvm-1-1 ~]# pvc reate /dev/vdb1
创建pv
vdb
vdb1
[root@sh-kvm-1-1 ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/vdb
扩展lvm vg
vdb
vdb1
[root@sh-kvm-1-1 ~]# vgs
VG
#PV #LV #SN Attr
VSize
VFree
VolGroup
2
2
0 wz–n- 69.50g 50.00g
从上面能看出，新添加的 已经加到lvm组中
改变虚拟机的参数 通过命令行更改创建之后虚拟机的内存，cpu等信息 更改内存
1. 查看虚拟机当前内存
| [root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# virsh dominfo kvm-1 | grep memory |
Max memory:
4194304 KiB
Used memory:
4194304 KiB
2、动态设置内存为512MB，内存减少
virsh setmem kvm-1 524288
注意单位必须是KB
3、查看内存变化
virsh dominfo kvm-1 | grep memory
Max memory: 14194304 KiB
Used memory: 524288 kiB
4、内存增加
virsh shutdown kvm-1
virsh edit kvm-1
直接更改memory
virsh create /etc/libvirt/demu/kvm-1/xml
之后操作1,2,3步骤增加内存
更改CPU 需要修改配置文件，因此需要停止虚拟机 virsh shutdown kvm-1
virsh edit kvm-1
#
2
4
& gt; 2
virsh create /etc/libvirt/demu/kvm-1/xml 硬盘扩容
- Create a 10-GB non-sparse file:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm-images/vm1-add.img bs=1M
count =10240
- Shutdown the VM:
virsh shutdown vm1
- Add an extra entry for ‘disk’ in the VM’s XML file in /etc/libvirt/qemu. You can look copy & amp; paste
the entry for your mail storage device and just change the target and address tags. For example:
virsh edit vm1
< address /> Add: < address />
这里建议使用上面的添加硬盘的方式添加
删除虚拟机 第一步，停掉虚拟机 1
virsh shutdown kvm-1 第二步 1
virsh destroy kvm-1 第三步 1
virsh undefine kvm-1 第四部 1
rm /dev/vg_shkvm1/kvm-1
不建议删除硬盘
来自
< https://www.centos.bz/2017/07/kvm-virsh-manage-command/
已使用 Microsoft OneNote 2016 创建。